Discussion: View Thread

  • 1.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 12:41
    I don't think that religious organizations can't be
    spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often
    breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.
    Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree
    with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions
    and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.

    Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you
    that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged
    me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or
    not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt
    respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people
    and their religious organizations have openly judged me;
    some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I
    didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my
    spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being
    controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of
    Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";
    unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part
    of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the
    idea because they thought it would deter people from
    being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,
    the outcome cannot be pretty.

    Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-
    mails) there are some good, religious people who are also
    very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the
    manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless
    of course, you agree with them.

    Bob

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  • 2.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 13:50
    Bob:

    I've had the same experience with religious people!

    Mellani

    __________________________________________________________
    Dr. Mellani Day, D.B.A.
    Assistant Dean of Business and Technology
    Director, Master of Business Administration Program
    College of Adult and Graduate Studies
    Colorado Christian University
    (303) 963-3434

    "...if on some point you think differently, that too God will make clear
    to you." Phil. 3:15b


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu]
    On Behalf Of Robert A. Giacalone
    Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 10:41 AM
    To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    Subject: Spirituality and Religion

    I don't think that religious organizations can't be
    spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often
    breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.
    Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree
    with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions
    and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.

    Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you
    that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged
    me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or
    not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt
    respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people
    and their religious organizations have openly judged me;
    some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I
    didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my
    spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being
    controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of
    Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";
    unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part
    of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the
    idea because they thought it would deter people from
    being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,
    the outcome cannot be pretty.

    Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-
    mails) there are some good, religious people who are also
    very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the
    manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless
    of course, you agree with them.

    Bob

    _______________________________________________________________________

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    MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu

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    _______________________________________________________________________

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  • 3.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 14:39
    Bob,
    As someone who regards you as a great friend and a thoughtful/spiritual person, let me also agree with your sentiments.  I have seen both sides of this coin, as well--of spiritual people who are not necessarily religious, and of religious people who seem totally lacking in basic spiritual common sense--qualities of compassion and basic respect for the dignity of others who disagree.  And I say this as someone who tries to be deeply religious (and spiritual). 
     
    I think there are many reasons for abuses along this line (like individual personalities who are very insecure and know of no other way to protect their self-esteem than to diminish that of others).   A sincere, but misguided, reason is when people start to let what they hold as "truth" get out of balance with "love."  This has always seemed to be a tension with people, as if it were some sort of zero-sum proposition (truth at the expense of love, and vice versa).  For that reason, I've always been fascinated with the Biblical phrase "speaking the truth in love" (Ephesians 4:15).  This seems to embed truth claims always within a context of love, and never justifies truth to be claimed or exercised or even believed apart from love. 
     
    When I hold what I currently believe to be truth in an attitude of love, it is amazing how respectful and tolerant I suddenly become of others, as well as humbly aware of my own limitations--that I might actually be wrong on many counts.  We forget all to quickly that we didn't invent truth, and the only way we can keep competing "truths" from escalating into damaging conflicts and hatred--is to love.  My two cents.
    Mathew
     
    --
    Mathew L. Sheep, Ph.D.
    Assistant Professor of Management
    College of Business
    Illinois State University
    Campus Box 5580
    Normal, IL 61790-5580
    Phone. (309) 438-3468
    E-mail. msheep@ilstu.edu
        


     
    On 5/8/08, Day, Mellani J. <mday@ccu.edu> wrote:
    Bob:

    I've had the same experience with religious people!

    Mellani

    __________________________________________________________
    Dr. Mellani Day, D.B.A.
    Assistant Dean of Business and Technology
    Director, Master of Business Administration Program
    College of Adult and Graduate Studies
    Colorado Christian University
    (303) 963-3434

    "...if on some point you think differently, that too God will make clear
    to you."  Phil. 3:15b


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu]
    On Behalf Of Robert A. Giacalone
    Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 10:41 AM
    To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    Subject: Spirituality and Religion

    I don't think that religious organizations can't be
    spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often
    breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.
    Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree
    with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions
    and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.

    Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you
    that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged
    me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or
    not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt
    respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people
    and their religious organizations have openly judged me;
    some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I
    didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my
    spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being
    controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of
    Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";
    unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part
    of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the
    idea because they thought it would deter people from
    being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,
    the outcome cannot be pretty.

    Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-
    mails) there are some good, religious people who are also
    very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the
    manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless
    of course, you agree with them.

    Bob

    _______________________________________________________________________

    To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to:
    MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu

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    http://group.aomonline.org/msr/

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    _______________________________________________________________________

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    _______________________________________________________________________ To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu To visit the Academy's MSR Web site, please visit: http://group.aomonline.org/msr/ To manage you MSR Listserv subscription, please visit: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=MSR&A=1


  • 4.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 14:43
    I wonder how the discussion of this topic might change if we talked about
    religious/spiritual 'behaviours' as opposed to religious/spiritual 'people'
    (or 'organisations')?

    I take the view that a person is a construct. It can be useful to employ
    this construct at times. But when I add an adjective, and make the person a
    'religious/spiritual person', I start to narrow my mind and my view, and
    cease to see the person as they really are - a complex, unfathomable, rich,
    extraordinary creature, a dynamic mystery to be encountered, understood,
    honoured. Even if someone labels themselves as religious/spiritual, I
    perceive that as a behaviour, and am interested in why they are labelling
    themselves in any way at all. For me, this enables the encounter to stay
    alive, flexible, engaged, and avoids polarisation, fixity, adversarial
    win/lose debate and the death of dialogue.

    Sometimes, I think religious behaviours align with a sense of the spiritual,
    and sometimes they seem not to - it may be my own lack of vision and
    inability to walk in the other's shoes that leads to my thinking the
    behaviour is lacking spiritual connection. Indeed, I think that all our
    behaviours are attempts to connect with the Source; it's just that some of
    our attempts (and I include myself here) are colossally misguided,
    uninformed or unaware. And sometimes, I think that behaviours that seem
    imbued with a sense of the spiritual also have the look of religious ritual,
    and have been inspired by religious teaching and understandings.

    This email is an attempt to think about process, about how we talk about
    these terms. Our language can trap us into familiar ways of thinking and
    worn-out dualities (eg spiritual v. religious). It can also release us into
    new ways of thinking, seeing, hearing, feeling. As I understand it, this is
    a forum for spirituality and religion, not a battleground for spirituality
    versus religion.

    In the words of the Buddha, "he is one who reunites those who are divided, a
    promoter of friendships, who enjoys concord, delights in concord, a speaker
    of words that promote concord.² This is not so far from the idea of shalom
    (peace), which has the same linguisitic root as shalem (wholeness). Beyond
    differences, and deeper than them, is interconnectedness and oneness. Now is
    that a religious belief, or a spiritual outlook? :)

    Alexander

    --------------------------------------------
    Alexander Massey

    UK landline: +44 (0)1865-716571
    UK mob: +44 (0)7771-988207
    Email: alexander@authenticvoice.co.uk
    Authentic Voice - http://www.authenticvoice.co.uk

    _______________________________________________________________________

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  • 5.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 14:53

    Our work on spiritual leadership makes a clear distinction between spirituality and religion. For example, here's excerpt from Fry, (2003, p. 705-706):

     

    A key reason for excluding questions of workplace spirituality from leadership and other theories of management practice to date is due to the confusion and confounding surrounding the distinction between religion and spirituality. Spirituality reflects the presence of a relationship with a Higher Power that affects the way in which one operates in the world.  Spirituality is broader than any single formal or organized religion with it's prescribed tenets, dogma, and doctrines.  Instead, spirituality (e.g. prayer, yoga, meditation) is the source for one's search for spiritual survival --  for meaning in life and a sense of interconnectedness with other beings.  The spiritual quest is one that emphasizes a dynamic process where one purposefully seeks to discover their potential, an ultimate purpose, and a personal relationship with a Higher Power or Being that may or may not be called God.

     

    The renowned Dalai Lama is very clear in making the distinction between spirituality and religion in his search for an ethical system adequate to withstand the moral dilemmas of the new millennium:

     

    "Religion I take to be concerned with faith in the claims of one faith tradition or another, an aspect of which is the acceptance of some form of heaven or nirvana. Connected with this are religious teachings or dogma, ritual prayer, and so on. Spirituality I take to be concerned with those qualities of the human spirit-such as love and compassion, patience tolerance, forgiveness, contentment, a sense of responsibility, a sense of harmony-which bring happiness to both self and others" (Dalai Lama, 1999, p. 22).

     

    Spiritual concerns are thus separate from the concerns of any religious group and are not synonymous with those of religion.  There is even the potential, if spirituality is viewed through the lens of religion, for it to be divisive in that it may exclude those who do not share in the denominational tradition or conflict with a society's social, legal, and ethical foundations of business and public administration. "Adherence to a religious workplace orientation can lead to arrogance that a particular company, faith, or even nation is somehow 'better' or worthier than another (Giacalone & Jurkiewicz , 2003, p. 13)." The Dalai Lama notes that while ritual and prayer, along with the questions of heaven and salvation are directly connected to religion, the inner qualities of spirituality, spiritual survival, and the quest for God and ultimately joy, peace and serenity and commitment to organizations that include and reinforce these qualities, need not be.  Also, there is no reason why individuals could not or should not develop these inner qualities independent of any religious or metaphysical belief system.  "This is why I sometimes say that religion is something we can perhaps do without. What we cannot do without are these basic spiritual qualities" (Dalai Lama, 1999, p. 22). The common bridge between spirituality and religion is altruistic love – regard or devotion to the interests of others.  In this respect, the basic spiritual teachings of the world's great religions are remarkably similar. In religion this is manifested through the Golden Rule (sometimes called the "Rule of Reciprocity") do unto others as you would have them do unto you – which is common to all major religions (Shared Belief in the Golden Rule, 2003).

     

    From this perspective, spirituality is necessary for religion but religion is not necessary for spirituality.  Workplace spirituality and spiritual leadership can therefore be inclusive or exclusive of religious theory and practice. 

     

    Dalai

    Dalai Lama XIV (1999). Ethics for the new millennium. New York: Putnam Publishing Group.

     

                Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly. 14, 693-727.

     

    Giacalone, R A., & Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2003b). Toward a science of workplace spirituality, In R. A. Giacalone, & C. L. Jurkiewicz (eds.), Handbook of workplace

         spirituality and organizational performance (pp. 3-28). New York: M. E. Sharp.

     

    Shared belief in the golden rule. (2003). Religious Tolerance Org. Retrieved, from the World Wide Web: http://www.religioustolerance.org/reciproc.htm

     

    Also see http://www.iispiritualleadership.com/index_files/resources.htm.

     

     

    Louis W. (Jody) Fry

    Professor of Management

    Tarleton State University - Central Texas

    1901 South Clear Creek Rd.

    Killeen, TX 76548

    254-519-5476

    fry@tarleton.edu

     

    -----Original Message-----
    From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu] On Behalf Of Robert A. Giacalone
    Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 11:41 AM
    To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    Subject: Spirituality and Religion

     

    I don't think that religious organizations can't be

    spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often

    breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.

    Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree

    with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions

    and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.

     

    Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you

    that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged

    me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or

    not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt

    respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people

    and their religious organizations have openly judged me;

    some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I

    didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my

    spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being

    controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of

    Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";

    unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part

    of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the

    idea because they thought it would deter people from

    being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,

    the outcome cannot be pretty.

     

    Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-

    mails) there are some good, religious people who are also

    very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the

    manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless

    of course, you agree with them.

     

    Bob

     

    _______________________________________________________________________

     

    To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu

     

    To visit the Academy's MSR Web site, please visit: http://group.aomonline.org/msr/

     

    To manage you MSR Listserv subscription, please visit: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=MSR&A=1

    _______________________________________________________________________ To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu To visit the Academy's MSR Web site, please visit: http://group.aomonline.org/msr/ To manage you MSR Listserv subscription, please visit: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=MSR&A=1


  • 6.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 16:23
    Jody and others,
    As I was flipping channels this morning I heard a preacher I hadn't heard of (and can't remember his name) asking congregants and viewers to take Jesus into their hearts, into their lives, and to be guided by him for the rest of their lives.  To him Jesus and God are essentially the same.  I began thinking (I know, that can be dangerous).  So I'm curious about something.  Many of us who are into spirituality, me included, don't include the Christian version of surrender to God (or Jesus) as a spiritual technique.  We tend to stick with meditation, yoga, prayer, communing in Nature, etc. as ways to develop spiritually.  I noticed at least one respondent to this topic wrote off someone who wants to study Christian-run companies as the companies not being spiritual ipso facto because they were Christian.  (For full disclosure, I'm not Christian, so I am not grinding anyone's axe.)   ...Besides the narrow-minded "Jesus is the only way" kind of thinking that excludes all other paths and people, what is it about accepting God, being born again, or even the first step in the 12-step process that makes the Christian approach, for example, not spiritual?  I understand distinguishing dogma, ritual, tradition, and hierarchy from spirituality.  That's a given; that's clear.  I'm curious only about what I would call the surrender-to-God aspect of deep Christianity (and other traditions).  I even see temporary changes in many congregants of a Catholic mass when they drink the wine and eat the wafer.  How is this different than what we get from our meditations, prayers, yoga, etc.?   It might be, but I'm having trouble discerning the difference.  Frankly, I'd love to live in full-time surrender to God. 
    Len

    __________________________________

    Len Tischler, Ph.D.

    Professor of Management

    Chair, Management/Marketing Department

    <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Kania</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">School</st1:placetype></st1:place> of Management

    <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Scranton</st1:placename></st1:place>

    <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Scranton</st1:city>, <st1:state w:st="on">PA</st1:state> <st1:postalcode w:st="on">18510</st1:postalcode></st1:place>

    Phone (570) 941-7782   Fax 941-4826

    len.tischler@scranton.edu

     



    Fry, Dr. Jody wrote:

    Our work on spiritual leadership makes a clear distinction between spirituality and religion. For example, here's excerpt from Fry, (2003, p. 705-706):

     

    A key reason for excluding questions of workplace spirituality from leadership and other theories of management practice to date is due to the confusion and confounding surrounding the distinction between religion and spirituality. Spirituality reflects the presence of a relationship with a Higher Power that affects the way in which one operates in the world.  Spirituality is broader than any single formal or organized religion with it's prescribed tenets, dogma, and doctrines.  Instead, spirituality (e.g. prayer, yoga, meditation) is the source for one's search for spiritual survival --  for meaning in life and a sense of interconnectedness with other beings.  The spiritual quest is one that emphasizes a dynamic process where one purposefully seeks to discover their potential, an ultimate purpose, and a personal relationship with a Higher Power or Being that may or may not be called God.

     

    The renowned Dalai Lama is very clear in making the distinction between spirituality and religion in his search for an ethical system adequate to withstand the moral dilemmas of the new millennium:

     

    "Religion I take to be concerned with faith in the claims of one faith tradition or another, an aspect of which is the acceptance of some form of heaven or nirvana. Connected with this are religious teachings or dogma, ritual prayer, and so on. Spirituality I take to be concerned with those qualities of the human spirit-such as love and compassion, patience tolerance, forgiveness, contentment, a sense of responsibility, a sense of harmony-which bring happiness to both self and others" (Dalai Lama, 1999, p. 22).

     

    Spiritual concerns are thus separate from the concerns of any religious group and are not synonymous with those of religion.  There is even the potential, if spirituality is viewed through the lens of religion, for it to be divisive in that it may exclude those who do not share in the denominational tradition or conflict with a society's social, legal, and ethical foundations of business and public administration. "Adherence to a religious workplace orientation can lead to arrogance that a particular company, faith, or even nation is somehow 'better' or worthier than another (Giacalone & Jurkiewicz , 2003, p. 13)." The Dalai Lama notes that while ritual and prayer, along with the questions of heaven and salvation are directly connected to religion, the inner qualities of spirituality, spiritual survival, and the quest for God and ultimately joy, peace and serenity and commitment to organizations that include and reinforce these qualities, need not be.  Also, there is no reason why individuals could not or should not develop these inner qualities independent of any religious or metaphysical belief system.  "This is why I sometimes say that religion is something we can perhaps do without. What we cannot do without are these basic spiritual qualities" (Dalai Lama, 1999, p. 22). The common bridge between spirituality and religion is altruistic love – regard or devotion to the interests of others.  In this respect, the basic spiritual teachings of the world's great religions are remarkably similar. In religion this is manifested through the Golden Rule (sometimes called the "Rule of Reciprocity") do unto others as you would have them do unto you – which is common to all major religions (Shared Belief in the Golden Rule, 2003).

     

    From this perspective, spirituality is necessary for religion but religion is not necessary for spirituality.  Workplace spirituality and spiritual leadership can therefore be inclusive or exclusive of religious theory and practice. 

     

    Dalai

    Dalai Lama XIV (1999). Ethics for the new millennium. New York: Putnam Publishing Group.

     

                Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly. 14, 693-727.

     

    Giacalone, R A., & Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2003b). Toward a science of workplace spirituality, In R. A. Giacalone, & C. L. Jurkiewicz (eds.), Handbook of workplace

         spirituality and organizational performance (pp. 3-28). New York: M. E. Sharp.

     

    Shared belief in the golden rule. (2003). Religious Tolerance Org. Retrieved, from the World Wide Web: http://www.religioustolerance.org/reciproc.htm

     

    Also see http://www.iispiritualleadership.com/index_files/resources.htm.

     

     

    Louis W. (Jody) Fry

    Professor of Management

    Tarleton State University - Central Texas

    1901 South Clear Creek Rd.

    Killeen, TX 76548

    254-519-5476

    fry@tarleton.edu

     

    -----Original Message-----
    From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu] On Behalf Of Robert A. Giacalone
    Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 11:41 AM
    To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    Subject: Spirituality and Religion

     

    I don't think that religious organizations can't be

    spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often

    breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.

    Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree

    with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions

    and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.

     

    Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you

    that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged

    me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or

    not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt

    respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people

    and their religious organizations have openly judged me;

    some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I

    didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my

    spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being

    controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of

    Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";

    unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part

    of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the

    idea because they thought it would deter people from

    being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,

    the outcome cannot be pretty.

     

    Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-

    mails) there are some good, religious people who are also

    very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the

    manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless

    of course, you agree with them.

     

    Bob

     

    _______________________________________________________________________

     

    To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu

     

    To visit the Academy's MSR Web site, please visit: http://group.aomonline.org/msr/

     

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  • 7.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-08-2008 17:31
    Interesting thread here. I believe this is the first time I've commented on
    here.

    I have to agree that, unfortunately, many religious dogmas are indeed merely
    doctrinal compromises of a political nature, and therefore, questionable at
    very best (in terms of their nearness to reality/truth). It's also my sad
    experience that many "religious" types somehow assume they are superior to
    others or that it is their mission to force others to see things their way.
    By the same token, however, as a scientist who believes in the existence of
    God as much as he believes in the existence of other "truths," it's my
    opinion that the role of MSR research ought to be that of seeking out and
    hunting down the "truth" about Spirituality and Religion while keeping open
    minds and loving/respectful hearts as we do so. We have a unique
    opportunity here, to study the things that matter most to most people (their
    spiritual and religious beliefs), and to learn how this influences their
    work. Approaching things this way and with this attitude, with open minds
    and loving hearts, we will create an environment that will stimulate
    scientific progression. Also, with such an environment, on a personal
    level, when we establish enough evidence, through our own personal
    scientific investigation, about a particular spiritual principle, such that
    we begin to feel convinced about its truthfulness (i.e. Bob highlights the
    power of the principle of love), we'll be in a position to take that leap of
    faith that will allow us to make enough sense out of our lives to keep
    going. As scientists, we must accept some version of both faith and
    universalism or I think we'll depart from the scientific method and become
    dogmatic ourselves, denying our own professions. Let's love both believers
    and non-believers until we come in unity to a general understanding of the
    truth. And, if that never happens, let's keep loving and respecting both
    believers and non-believers anyway!

    Best,

    Shaun



    -----Original Message-----
    From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu] On
    Behalf Of Day, Mellani J.
    Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 10:50 AM
    To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    Subject: Re: Spirituality and Religion

    Bob:

    I've had the same experience with religious people!

    Mellani

    __________________________________________________________
    Dr. Mellani Day, D.B.A.
    Assistant Dean of Business and Technology
    Director, Master of Business Administration Program
    College of Adult and Graduate Studies
    Colorado Christian University
    (303) 963-3434

    "...if on some point you think differently, that too God will make clear
    to you." Phil. 3:15b


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu]
    On Behalf Of Robert A. Giacalone
    Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 10:41 AM
    To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    Subject: Spirituality and Religion

    I don't think that religious organizations can't be
    spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often
    breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.
    Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree
    with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions
    and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.

    Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you
    that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged
    me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or
    not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt
    respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people
    and their religious organizations have openly judged me;
    some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I
    didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my
    spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being
    controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of
    Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";
    unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part
    of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the
    idea because they thought it would deter people from
    being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,
    the outcome cannot be pretty.

    Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-
    mails) there are some good, religious people who are also
    very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the
    manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless
    of course, you agree with them.

    Bob

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  • 8.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-09-2008 07:06
    Dear Members,

    I am not an authority to define spirituality or religion, but intuitively
    i feel that the work of any prophet was to establish the supreme power of
    goodness over evil. and awaken the people from the slumber of darkness.
    And then later their disciples organized His/Her teachings into an
    organized way of living which was then called a religion.

    Following is the excerpt from Light of Koran by Flore Descieux, Translated
    by Caroline McCarthy

    "Religion (from the Latin “re-legare”, to rejoin), “re-unites” the peoples
    of this Earth...In other words, one must understand the need to have an
    honest attitude towards oneself in order to appreciate the essence of
    every religion and to realize that they all spring from the same unique
    source.

    The false notion of religion has given rise to a series of corruptions
    and arbitrary interpretations..."

    Therefore i feel that if any person if following any religion's true
    spirit and its essence then he may be called a religious person but would
    be very spiritual person and such a person would be able to see other's
    point of view and would be respectful towards it.

    But if the person has become fanatic and have just become ritualistic
    without following the essence of the religion then he would not be
    spiritual person and i would also say that he is not even a religious
    person but playing in the hands of his false understanding of the
    prophet's teachings.

    Similar thing is true for the organizations as well, as pointed out in few
    previous emails that organization is religious but spiritual as well or
    some said that religious people were not open people.

    So we cannot say that religious organization is never spiritual
    organization but may be we can say fanatic religious organizations can not
    be spiritual organization.

    Please pardon me for any wrong understanding of the topic under discussion
    and i would be very open to be corrected.

    Regards
    Shilpa
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    SHILPA BAJPAI
    Doctoral Candidate
    Human Behavior & Organisational Development Area,
    Fellow Program in Management -2006,
    Management Development Institute,
    Mehrauli Road, Sukhrali,
    Gurgaon - 122001
    INDIA
    Tel: (+91) 124 4560664; 09250842440
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


    > Our work on spiritual leadership makes a clear distinction between
    > spirituality and religion. For example, here's excerpt from Fry, (2003,
    > p. 705-706):
    >
    >
    >
    > A key reason for excluding questions of workplace spirituality from
    > leadership and other theories of management practice to date is due to
    > the confusion and confounding surrounding the distinction between
    > religion and spirituality. Spirituality reflects the presence of a
    > relationship with a Higher Power that affects the way in which one
    > operates in the world. Spirituality is broader than any single formal
    > or organized religion with it's prescribed tenets, dogma, and doctrines.
    > Instead, spirituality (e.g. prayer, yoga, meditation) is the source for
    > one's search for spiritual survival -- for meaning in life and a sense
    > of interconnectedness with other beings. The spiritual quest is one
    > that emphasizes a dynamic process where one purposefully seeks to
    > discover their potential, an ultimate purpose, and a personal
    > relationship with a Higher Power or Being that may or may not be called
    > God.
    >
    >
    >
    > The renowned Dalai Lama is very clear in making the distinction between
    > spirituality and religion in his search for an ethical system adequate
    > to withstand the moral dilemmas of the new millennium:
    >
    >
    >
    > "Religion I take to be concerned with faith in the claims of one faith
    > tradition or another, an aspect of which is the acceptance of some form
    > of heaven or nirvana. Connected with this are religious teachings or
    > dogma, ritual prayer, and so on. Spirituality I take to be concerned
    > with those qualities of the human spirit-such as love and compassion,
    > patience tolerance, forgiveness, contentment, a sense of responsibility,
    > a sense of harmony-which bring happiness to both self and others" (Dalai
    > Lama, 1999, p. 22).
    >
    >
    >
    > Spiritual concerns are thus separate from the concerns of any religious
    > group and are not synonymous with those of religion. There is even the
    > potential, if spirituality is viewed through the lens of religion, for
    > it to be divisive in that it may exclude those who do not share in the
    > denominational tradition or conflict with a society's social, legal, and
    > ethical foundations of business and public administration. "Adherence to
    > a religious workplace orientation can lead to arrogance that a
    > particular company, faith, or even nation is somehow 'better' or
    > worthier than another (Giacalone & Jurkiewicz , 2003, p. 13)." The Dalai
    > Lama notes that while ritual and prayer, along with the questions of
    > heaven and salvation are directly connected to religion, the inner
    > qualities of spirituality, spiritual survival, and the quest for God and
    > ultimately joy, peace and serenity and commitment to organizations that
    > include and reinforce these qualities, need not be. Also, there is no
    > reason why individuals could not or should not develop these inner
    > qualities independent of any religious or metaphysical belief system.
    > "This is why I sometimes say that religion is something we can perhaps
    > do without. What we cannot do without are these basic spiritual
    > qualities" (Dalai Lama, 1999, p. 22). The common bridge between
    > spirituality and religion is altruistic love - regard or devotion to the
    > interests of others. In this respect, the basic spiritual teachings of
    > the world's great religions are remarkably similar. In religion this is
    > manifested through the Golden Rule (sometimes called the "Rule of
    > Reciprocity") do unto others as you would have them do unto you - which
    > is common to all major religions (Shared Belief in the Golden Rule,
    > 2003).
    >
    >
    >
    > From this perspective, spirituality is necessary for religion but
    > religion is not necessary for spirituality. Workplace spirituality and
    > spiritual leadership can therefore be inclusive or exclusive of
    > religious theory and practice.
    >
    >
    >
    > Dalai
    >
    > Dalai Lama XIV (1999). Ethics for the new millennium. New York: Putnam
    > Publishing Group.
    >
    >
    >
    > Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership.
    > The Leadership Quarterly. 14, 693-727.
    >
    >
    >
    > Giacalone, R A., & Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2003b). Toward a science of
    > workplace spirituality, In R. A. Giacalone, & C. L. Jurkiewicz (eds.),
    > Handbook of workplace
    >
    > spirituality and organizational performance (pp. 3-28). New York:
    > M. E. Sharp.
    >
    >
    >
    > Shared belief in the golden rule. (2003). Religious Tolerance Org.
    > Retrieved, from the World Wide Web:
    > http://www.religioustolerance.org/reciproc.htm
    >
    >
    >
    > Also see http://www.iispiritualleadership.com/index_files/resources.htm.
    >
    >
    >
    >
    >
    > Louis W. (Jody) Fry
    >
    > Professor of Management
    >
    > Tarleton State University - Central Texas
    >
    > 1901 South Clear Creek Rd.
    >
    > Killeen, TX 76548
    >
    > 254-519-5476
    >
    > fry@tarleton.edu
    >
    >
    >
    > -----Original Message-----
    > From: Management, Spirituality & Religion [mailto:MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu]
    > On Behalf Of Robert A. Giacalone
    > Sent: Thursday, May 08, 2008 11:41 AM
    > To: MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    > Subject: Spirituality and Religion
    >
    >
    >
    > I don't think that religious organizations can't be
    >
    > spiritual, but I think that in general, the dogmatism often
    >
    > breeds a self-righteous constraint against spirituality.
    >
    > Essentially, spiritually is transmogrified into an "agree
    >
    > with us" mindset that defines spirituality and its actions
    >
    > and thought in terms of their singular dogma and beliefs.
    >
    >
    >
    > Admittedly, it may be my experience, but I can assure you
    >
    > that I've never been around spiritual people who have judged
    >
    > me and/or my belief system. True, they may agree with me or
    >
    > not, and sometimes they do not. But I've generally felt
    >
    > respected by them nonetheless. Too often, religious people
    >
    > and their religious organizations have openly judged me;
    >
    > some even used the banal threats of an eternity in hell if I
    >
    > didn't agree with them. Others have implied that my
    >
    > spiritual beliefs were dangerous and that I was being
    >
    > controlled by some demonic force. I even heard a group of
    >
    > Christians openly mock reincarnation as a "stupid idea";
    >
    > unfortunately, they didn't know that reincarnation was part
    >
    > of Christianity until a group of Christians got rid of the
    >
    > idea because they thought it would deter people from
    >
    > being "good." Whenever love is made subservient to dogma,
    >
    > the outcome cannot be pretty.
    >
    >
    >
    > Undoubtedly (and please, before I start getting hate e-
    >
    > mails) there are some good, religious people who are also
    >
    > very spiritual. But for many people, the dogma kills the
    >
    > manifestation of a loving, transcendent spirituality--unless
    >
    > of course, you agree with them.
    >
    >
    >
    > Bob
    >
    >
    >
    > _______________________________________________________________________
    >
    >
    >
    > To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to:
    > MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    >
    >
    >
    > To visit the Academy's MSR Web site, please visit:
    > http://group.aomonline.org/msr/
    >
    >
    >
    > To manage you MSR Listserv subscription, please visit:
    > http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=MSR&A=1
    >
    >
    > _______________________________________________________________________
    >
    > To send a message to the MSR Listserv, please send your email to:
    > MSR@AOMLISTS.pace.edu
    >
    > To visit the Academy's MSR Web site, please visit:
    > http://group.aomonline.org/msr/
    >
    > To manage you MSR Listserv subscription, please visit:
    > http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=MSR&A=1
    >

    _______________________________________________________________________

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  • 9.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-12-2008 17:04
    Thank you for this post, Matthew. Your comments about truth and love remind me of the Jewish kabbalah teachings that balance qualities on either side of the 'Tree of Life'. One side of the Tree is 'expansive', and contains chesed (loving-kindness) whose counter-quality is gevurah (variously translated as judgment/discernment or strength, and containing the principle of 'truth' as you describe it in your post). Either one without the other is incomplete; the two come together in a third quality at the centre, and heart, of the Tree, at tiferet (beauty, balance and harmony). I find these interesting and useful ideas to work with as a business coach.

    It suddenly occurs to me that in the present discussion, spirituality seems to be on the more expansive, boundless side of the Tree, and more obviously connected to chesed, while perhaps religion represents our tendency towards wanting definition, boundaries, structure, discipline and specific precepts and guidance, the qualities of gevurah. Neither is better or worse. They are two ends of a natural spectrum that we all need to experience. The synthesis of the two seems to be more practical.

    All the best, Alexander
    --------------------------------------------
    Alexander Massey

    Tel: 01865-716571
    Mob: 07771-988207
    Authentic Voice - http://www.authenticvoice.co.uk

    Bob,
    As someone who regards you as a great friend and a thoughtful/spiritual person, let me also agree with your sentiments.  I have seen both sides of this coin, as well--of spiritual people who are not necessarily religious, and of religious people who seem totally lacking in basic spiritual common sense--qualities of compassion and basic respect for the dignity of others who disagree.  And I say this as someone who tries to be deeply religious (and spiritual).  
     
    I think there are many reasons for abuses along this line (like individual personalities who are very insecure and know of no other way to protect their self-esteem than to diminish that of others).   A sincere, but misguided, reason is when people start to let what they hold as "truth" get out of balance with "love."  This has always seemed to be a tension with people, as if it were some sort of zero-sum proposition (truth at the expense of love, and vice versa).  For that reason, I've always been fascinated with the Biblical phrase "speaking the truth in love" (Ephesians 4:15).  This seems to embed truth claims always within a context of love, and never justifies truth to be claimed or exercised or even believed apart from love.  
     
    When I hold what I currently believe to be truth in an attitude of love, it is amazing how respectful and tolerant I suddenly become of others, as well as humbly aware of my own limitations--that I might actually be wrong on many counts.  We forget all to quickly that we didn't invent truth, and the only way we can keep competing "truths" from escalating into damaging conflicts and hatred--is to love.  My two cents.
    Mathew
     
    --
    Mathew L. Sheep, Ph.D.
    Assistant Professor of Management
    College of Business
    Illinois State University
    Campus Box 5580
    Normal, IL 61790-5580
    Phone. (309) 438-3468
    E-mail. msheep@ilstu.edu



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  • 10.  Spirituality and Religion

    Posted 05-13-2008 09:51
    Hello all,

    I have students inquiring about Ph. D. programs in Leadership and Spirituality. Any suggestions as to where I can send them (where they won't have to wait until after they finish their Ph.D.'s to do what they really want to do)?

    Best,
    Margaret

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